Last Sermon of Prophet Muhammad(SAWW)

               Prophet Muhammad(SAWW)'s Last Sermon
                                ( Khutbah Hajj tul Wida)

                           
                                        

Date delivered: 632 A.C., 9th day of Dhul al Hijjah, 10 A.H. in the 'Uranah valley of Mount Arafat.

The Farewell Sermon of Prophet Muhammad (SAWW) is a comprehensive charter of human rights

Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) delivered his last sermon (Khutbah) at "Hajj", on the 9th of Dhul Hijjah (12th and last month of the Islamic year) 10 AH (6 March 632), 10 years after Hijrah (migration from Makkah to Madinah) in the Uranah Valley of mount Arafat.

After praising, and thanking Allah Prophet Muhammad(SAWW) said:

“O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether, after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore, listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and take these words to those who could not be present here today.

O people, just as you regard this month, this day, this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord and that He will indeed reckon your deeds. 
Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. Allah has Judged that there shall be no interest and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn Abd Al-Muttalib (Prophet’s uncle) shall henceforth be waived…

Beware of Satan, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.

O people, it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under Allah’s trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right, then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of whom you do not approve, as well as never to be unchaste.

O people, listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during the month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat. Perform Hajj if you can afford to.

All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also, a white has no superiority over black nor a black has any superiority over white except by piety (taqwa) and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves.

Remember, one day you will appear before Allah and answer your deeds. So, beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone.

O people, no prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born.

Reason well, therefore, O people, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the Qu'ran and my example, the Sunnah and if you follow these you will never go astray.

All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed your message to your people”.*

That instance on the completion of Final Sermon, near the summit of Arafat, A very important revelation came down:


"…This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My Grace upon you, and have chosen Islam for you as your religion…" (Surah Al-Maidah 5:3)

*(Reference: See Al-Bukhari, Hadith 1623, 1626, 6361) Sahih of Imam Muslim also refers to this sermon in Hadith number 98. Imam al-Tirmidhi has mentioned this sermon in Hadith nos. 1628, 2046, 2085. Imam Ahmed bin Hanbal has given us the longest and perhaps the most complete version of this sermon in his Masnud, Hadith no. 19774.)

                                                        

                                   Main points of the Last Sermon
Did you notice my friends, that this last sermon was a summarised charter of Human rights?

This summarized charter is not confined to Muslim world only, it is  the universal declaration of human rights. Haqooq ul Ibaad is the basic teaching of Islam which means to establish the rights of others. And the divine Khutbah Hajj tul Wida mentions all the basic human rights.
Like,
Universal peace and Freedom, Equality and unity of Mankind, Muslim brotherhood, Charity, Justice, Tolerance, Moderation, Kindness, Fair play in commercial dealings, Rights of women, Slaves and neighbours, End to age of darkness and ignorance, Abolition of Interest, Sanctity Of Life, Property And Honour etc.
Subhan Allah!

Now the question is, What do we learn from the last sermon?

Some of the main points are given below:-

1. Regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust.

2. Do not forget the day of Judgement.

3. You are answerable before God, for all your actions and deeds.

4. Return the things kept with you as trust (Amanah) to their rightful owners.

5. Interest (Ribah) is Haram.

6. Treat your spouse well, be kind with them and fulfill their rights.

7. Beware of Satan, he is desperate to divert you from the worship of God.

8. There is a brotherhood between Muslim Ummah and they have rights on each other.

9. There is no superiority over each other unless one is higher in Taqwa (fear of Allah).

10. To achieve the ultimate success, we must follow both, Allah and His messenger.

11. We must observe the pillars of Islam.

12. Those who work under us, have rights upon us. We must fulfill our duties regarding them.

13. Muhammad(SAWW) is the last prophet and Islam is the Universal religion (Deen).

14. Now, this is our duty to spread and pass the message of the Prophet(SAWW).

15. If we will hold fast The Quran and Sunnah, we will never have gone astray.

Please read the complete Sermon again and find out what else did you learn from the last Sermon?

Last but not least, we should reflect upon us and ask ourselves, that how much we are acting upon Prophet(SAWW)'s teachings?

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